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Islamic study, as a matter of fact, is not only conducted by Moslem scholars but also by the Western scholars. From the historical perspective, Indonesian scholars have been involving in Islamic studies in some Western countries since the colonization's era, and the number was increasing after 1970's. Some of Western universities' graduates have played important roles in developing the Islamic …
Pesantren as a social-religious-institution has played a significant role in the dynamic of Indonesia nation. The role of the pesantren is not only concerned with educational and social religious aspects but also broader, namely social transformation. In developing pluralism awareness in multikultural era, the pesantren has the important role. At the pesantren, there are many values that can be…