The early twenty-first century has witnessed a rising number of global crises. These include climate change, widening income inequality, military and nuclear tensions between the major powers, repeated outbreaks of global pandemics, and an ongoing democratic recession. In particular, the deepening democratic recession has afflicted ostensibly both mature and newer democracies – contradicting …
This article tries to describe the dinamics of Islamic politics and the state. Islam as religion and political power is always in subordinated position in the state. During the Indonesia new era, the power of Islamic politics the gave birth of the association of the Indonesian muslim intellectual [ICMI] colored the power of the new era regime. However, Islam was actually used as a shield for Su…