In this article, the writer reveals the presence and struggles of Protestant churches in Indonesia doing God’s mission within world’s largest Muslim population country. Firstly, the writer explains the challenges and strives of Protestant churches since the time of Dutch colonialism, Japanese colonization, until Indonesian independence which includes the Old Order and the New Order. This ar…
In this paper, the writer makes attempts to find out Iqbal's religious thought, particularly on his concept of God. It is said Iqbal propunded a relative new concept on God within Islamic sphere which it goes in term of naturalistic theism in one side, and of process philosophy of whitehead. It can be said that Iqbal's concept of God is panentheism. He stated that such God is in accordance to s…
Kekhawatiran kalangan agamawan terhadap teori evolusi, salah satunya pada penafsiran mereka bahwa teori evolusi cenderung meniadakan ruangan bagi Tuhan. Dengan mengatakan bahwa makhluk hidup, tak terkecuali manusia, muncul dengan sendirinya melalui seleksi alam (natural selection) yang gradual, peran Tuhan sebagai pencipta menjadi terusik. Belum lagi pernyataan teori ini tentang keberadaan makh…