The spirit of running a business among bureaucracy firstly appeared in the United State as it was emerges by a disadvantageous situation for bereucracy. The methodes of conserving the business spirit were: to tranform profits into public uses; to make money through costs; and to save money for saving. The way of transforming thought towards enterpreneurship are: participating in saving and cont…
syi'ah ditenggarai memasukkan kepentingan sekte keagamaan serta prinsip-prinsip dasar madzhab Syi'ah ke dalam penafsiran al Qur'an.Dalam kenyataannya, terdapat tokoh-tokoh Syi'ah belum mengupayakan secara sunggug-sungguh dan proporsional untuk menemukan prinsip-prinsip dasat yang membedakan antara keyakinan keagamaan dan politik mereka sebagai sebuah ajaran yang secara definitif dalam al Qur'an…
As a strategy of the politic of culture, religious assimilation constructed in New Order has become a concept which is considered uneffective and failure.The post-reformation era has become the sign of failure of the concept of religious assimilation.
The confrontation with western colonialism has become part of the islamic history since the nineteenth century.This paper is an attempt to investigate the radicalization of religion in several parts of the Islamic world.It focusses, however, on the review of the history of the caliphate and its adjunct notion like Pan-Islamism or rule over all muslims. "
This article attempts to explore the basic character of Madurese people that put the moral-ethic basics on every attitude, utterances and behaviour of Madurese local politic phenomena.The study results four basic characteristic of Madurese....etc.
Tesis (M.A.)--Universitas McGill, Kanada, 1999.
Tesis (M.A.) - IAIN Sunan Ampel, Surabaya, 2001.
Tesis (M.A.)--Universitas McGill, Canada, 1997.